Echoes of the Ancient New Testament Cities: Colossae

Matthew James Elliott

Welcome to Colossae

The first story I released, which began The World of Kedoshim, was Finding Philemon. There is a lot of history with that story; some of it good, some of it bad, but it became the foundation of everything I do in biblical fiction. The city of Colossae plays a major role in it, and it continues to be a place I return to in my other stories as well.

When I picked up with The Hope of Inheritance in 2025, I expected to revisit Colossae with familiarity. Instead, I found myself standing at the edge of its destruction. As I researched the city during 64 AD, I realized I was writing about its final days. I will never forget what it felt like to describe the devastation of the great earthquake. It felt as though a home had been taken from me simply because history had decided the city had lived its life.

But before I get too far into that, I have to take you back to the beginning.

If Ephesus fascinated me when I was growing up, Colossae wins the gold medal among the cities Paul wrote to. There is the letter to the Colossians, of course, but also the letter to Philemon that was sent along with it. Both have become two of my favorite books in the Bible. So naturally, I was going to research the city for my books. If I ever had the chance to live in an ancient biblical city, I would choose Colossae.

Bible Atlas Map of Location

Geographically, Colossae sat in a valley alongside Laodicea (more on that city next month) and Hierapolis. These three cities were surrounded by mountains, connected by trade routes, and fed by the waters of the Lycus River Valley. Colossae rested at the foot of Mount Cadmus, and as far as we know, it has only recently started being excavated. This only adds to its mystery.

Surveys of the area reveal the remains of the Colossian acropolis, a defensive wall around the outskirts of the ruins, and a theater on the eastern side. These discoveries point to a significant military presence and a thriving cultural life that lasted until the city’s destruction, which I believe occurred in 64 AD.

There is some debate about that date. Tacitus, a Roman historian, places the earthquake in 60–61 AD, while Eusebius, a church historian, dates it to 64 AD. For The Hope of Inheritance, I found the later date more believable because Paul’s first imprisonment in Rome (where he wrote the letters to the Colossians and to Philemon) is dated around 61 AD. If the earthquake had already happened, the city would have been gone.

Speaking of Paul, did you know he never actually visited Colossae before writing to them? I was stunned when I learned this. The founder of the church is usually attributed to Epaphras, a native who likely heard Paul preach while he was in Ephesus during the events of Acts 19. (I didn’t expect this article to connect to my newest episode of The Ephesus Pages, but here we are.)

While Epaphras founded the church, another man, Philemon, became the leader of the house church. In The Cyprus Journal, my 2024 release, I share my ideas about how he may have been converted. What matters most is that this Philemon is the man Paul wrote to about the runaway slave Onesimus. Onesimus fled after some unknown conflict, found Paul in Rome, and returned home carrying a letter about reconciliation. Because of that moment, Colossae became a place forever tied to forgiveness and restoration.

Painting of Archangel and Archippus

One of the more unexpected discoveries I made about this city was the evidence that locals blended Christianity with the worship of angels for protection from mountain spirits. It’s clear in Colossians 2:16–20 that this was a real struggle for the church. Later art even depicts the Archangel Michael opening a chasm to save the community from a flood after the city was rebuilt at Chonnae; an event connected to the prayers of Archippus, whom some believe was related to Philemon.

Researching the martyrdom of Philemon brought its own challenges. Tradition places his death near the end of Nero’s reign in 68 AD, but the evidence I found about the Colossian community suggests an earlier date. When Paul writes his charge to Archippus in Colossians 4:17, it hints at a leadership crisis—one that may indicate Philemon was no longer around. Other traditions say Philemon and his wife were martyred during a pagan festival. If the city fell in 64 AD, their deaths would have occurred before the earthquake.

All of this paints a picture of a community shaped by reconciliation, tested by disaster, and ultimately forced to relocate to survive. Their story is one of faith under pressure, the blending and unblending of beliefs, and the resilience of a remnant determined to endure.

History is never just a page in a book. It is the people behind the pages—their choices, their losses, their courage. Colossae reminds me of that every time I return to it.

How about you?

See you in the pages, 

M.J.E.

~ Biography ~

Matthew James Elliott (M.J. Elliott) is a passionate writer who loves to encourage and inspire others. He served in various ministry roles for over 15 years, which gave him a unique perspective on people and Biblical History. Matthew holds a degree in Biblical Studies from Oklahoma Wesleyan University, with a focus on Pastoral Care, Christian Education, and Worship.

Matthew is married and has three wonderful children who bring him immense joy and inspiration. One of his favorite things to do with them is to share stories they can someday learn from. When writing a story, he aspires to minister to others with love, equip them with encouragement, and use the gift God has given him as a writer to help readers experience God in a real and meaningful way.

Find Matthew on Amazon, Goodreads, Facebook, BookBub, and His Website. He has written Devotionals, An Episodic Series, Novellas, and even Commentaries for The Gospel Daily.

~ Highlighted Release ~

If you're curious about The Hope of Inheritance or any of my books. Right now, my followers on my REAMStories Author Page are being entered into a drawing for some fun gifts. To check it out, just follow me there. You can also read Mysteries in Ephesus, Season 2 of The Ephesus Pages, while you're at it.

~~~

One Story Still Untold. Four Unlikely Authors.

Together, their Message will speak to Many.

The city of Rome was a vast and beautiful place-- on the surface. That is, until a great fire burned and destroyed most of it. Deep in a world hidden from those who would strike against them, four unlikely men work together to share a message of truth. This truth was spoken by those who were cut down because of the calling to go forth and preach. 

The message has always been clear: The hope of our inheritance is Christ living within each of us. In the echoes of persecution, sorrow, and even death, this message still reigns supreme, but will the people listen? Only time will tell, but before anything, these four men must come together and unite a church separated by fear and suffering.