Showing posts with label archaeology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label archaeology. Show all posts

Thursday, September 25, 2025

Celebrating Christie's Mysteries--and a Giveaway


By Jennifer Uhlarik

 

My April 1, 2025, release was a romantic mystery set in the Old West. While many of my novels and novellas have elements of mystery and suspense in them, I’d never specifically set out to write a mystery before, so I found myself researching the genre and those who have had successful careers in that genre. This led me to read up on the best-selling novelist of all time, Agatha Christie—and since this is her birth month, I’ll share a bit of my findings about her with you.

 

Childhood

Young Agatha Christie

 

The prolific author we know as Agatha Christie was born Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller on September 15, 1890. She was the youngest child of three—a “much-loved afterthought” (according to agathachristie.com) of her American father, Frederick and her Irish mother, Clara. Her older brother Monty and older sister Madge were ten and eleven years her senior, respectively. The family lived in Torquay, Devon, England during her early years.

 

Her mother, Clara, loved Agatha’s natural creativity and wanted her youngest to wait to learn to read until she was eight, but with both her older siblings away at school, young Agatha grew bored—so she taught herself to read. She devoured books. Her creativity also flourished by listening to the made-up stories of her mother, and she and Madge followed in her footsteps with imaginings and stories of their own.

 

At age eleven, Agatha’s father passed away unexpectedly, leaving Clara and Agatha’s lives in uncertainty. For a time, Agatha attended a girl’s school in Torquay, but she eventually went to a boarding school in Paris, France, for a few years and at age eighteen, spent her three-month debutante season in Cairo, Egypt. With the goal of finding a husband, Agatha emerged from the season with numerous marriage proposals. She turned them all down but the one from her friend, Reginald Lucy. But theirs was not the typical romance. The two struck a bargain—that they would wait for two years to marry, and if, in the meantime, anyone richer or more interesting came along, they would break their engagement and marry the other.

 

Agatha’s Foray Into Married Life




 

Reggie Lucy would not end up being Agatha’s husband after all. In 1912, she met Archibald Christie at a party, and the dashing aviator swept her off her feet. They married on Christmas Eve in 1914. However, with World War 1 in full swing, both had jobs to do. Two days later, Archie returned to France, and Agatha returned to the hospital in Torquay where she worked as a nurse.

 

It was during this time, while working around the dispensary, that Agatha learned of various poisons. And seeing the many Belgians who came to England to escape the horrors of the war in their home country, she began to imagine a Belgian police officer as a character for a story. When her sister challenged her to write a mystery, suggesting that Agatha couldn’t pull off such a feat, Agatha rose to the occasion and wrote The Mysterious Affair at Styles, her very first Hurcule Poirot story.


Agatha and husband Archie

 

In 1918, the war ended, Archie returned, and the by-now “old married couple” got to begin their marriage in earnest. In the next year—1919—Archie took a job in London, they welcomed their daughter, Rosalind, and Agatha’s first Poirot novel was picked up by a publisher with a request for five more like it. By 1924, Agatha published The Secret AdversaryThe Man in the Brown Suit, and The Murder on the Links.

 

Tragedies Make For New Beginnings

 

Unhappy with her first publisher, Agatha found a new publishing house who gladly took her on as an author. In 1926, The Murder of Roger Ackroyd came out with great sales and much acclaim, but the tidal wave of newfound success was short-lived. Agatha’s mother passed away, causing Agatha to leave for Torquay to clean out the family home. Grief-stricken at the loss, she found it difficult to write. And while they were separated, Archie and Agatha drifted apart. His eye soon wandered to another woman.

 

One December night, Agatha found herself in terrible spirits, so she left little Rosalind in the care of the house maids and went for a drive. Her car was later found abandoned, and Agatha was nowhere to be seen. It took some ten days and a nationwide search to discover that she was, in fact, in the care of the Swan Hydropathic Hotel under an assumed name. She had no recollection of who she was, how she’d gotten there, nor did she recognize Archie when he came to see her. This episode became one of great embarrassment to her. In later years, she never spoke of this time with anyone.

 

Upon her return to London, she and Archie remained separated. Needing an income for herself and her daughter, Agatha compiled some of her short Hurcule Poirot stories, previously published in magazines, into a collection titled The Big Four.

 

In 1927, still struggling to churn out the next Poirot novel, she began toying with a new detective—Miss Jane Marple, who debuted in The Tuesday Night Club, a short story published in The Royal Magazine. Perhaps the unassuming personality of this amateur sleuth was just what Agatha needed as she continued her healing after her mother’s death, the failure of her marriage, and the mental stress she’d endured. But in 1928, she finalized her divorce, moved to the Canary Islands with Rosalind, and returned to work with her next Poirot story, The Mystery of the Blue Train.

 

Happiness Leads to New Purpose

 

Agatha loved to travel and took a trip on the Orient Express to Baghdad. From there, she visited the archeological dig at Ur, where she met the Woolleys, who led the excavation. Returning there the next year (1930), the Woolleys asked Max Mallowan to show her around the area. The two instantly became fast friends, despite the fourteen-year age difference (Agatha was the elder in the relationship). Soon after, Max proposed, and they were married on September 11, 1930. The happy couple fell into a new rhythm. Some of the year, they were on the archeological dig site, where Agatha became a valued member of the team. They summered in her family home in Torquay, spent Christmases with her sister, and the remainder of the year in London. During this time, she turned out two to three novels each year, including Murder on the Orient Express and many others.


Agatha and Max Mallowan on their honeymoon in Egypt.


 

Even the start of the Second World War couldn’t derail Agatha. She and Max continued in Torquay for a time, each doing their part for the war effort. Agatha returned to work in the hospital dispensary, like she had done during the earlier war, though Max was eventually sent to Cairo. Agatha hoped to find a position near her husband, but that never materialized. She continued working, moving to a different hospital as the war proceeded. Agatha’s daughter, Rosalind, married and had a son, allowing Agatha the joy of visiting her daughter and grandson often. During the course of the war, she also filled her time with writing more than ten novels.

 

A Prolific Career Winds Down

 

At the end of World War II, Agatha’s beloved Max returned home, and life resumed. The pair went back to their archaeological digs in Iraq and Syria. Agatha continued to write novels, though she slowed her pace to one novel per year. Max was elevated to new positions in the Archaeology departments of two different universities—the University of London and the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. Many of her stories were turned into stage plays (with some of the scripts being written by Agatha herself), movies, and made-for-television movies. She garnered the attention of queens and dignitaries, as well as everyday readers worldwide.

 

During World War II, she had penned the final novels for both Hurcule Poirot and Jane Marple, but tucked them away in her home’s safe, in case anything happened to her. In 1975, she pulled Curtain from the safe and let Poirot’s last book go to print. Upon this story’s release, the New York Times published an obituary of the fictional detective—the first time they’d ever done so for a made-up character.

 

Agatha Christie died on January 12, 1976, and her last novel was published later that year, along with her autobiography in 1977. All told, she wrote sixty-six detective novels and fifteen short story collections, with her sales reaching over 2 billion copies. (Only William Shakespeare and The Bible have sold more).

 

It’s Your Turn: Are you an Agatha Christie fan? If so, what is your favorite novel and/or character of hers? If you’ve not read her work, what element of her life do you find most interesting? Leave your answer below to be entered in a drawing for a copy of my latest novel, Love and Order: A Three-Part Old West Romantic Mystery.

 


At twelve, Jennifer Uhlarik swiped a western novel from her brother’s bookshelf and fell in love with the genre.  Since attaining a B.A. in writing from University of Tampa, she has published multiple westerns, finaled in and won various writing competitions, and appeared on the ECPA bestseller list numerous times. She lives near Tampa, Florida, with her husband and fur-children. www.jenniferuhlarik.com

 

 



Love and Order: A Three-Part Old West Romantic Mystery


 

Wanted: 

Family, Love, and Justice


One Old West Mystery Solved Throughout Three Short Romantic Stories


Separated as children when they were adopted out to different families from an orphan train, the Braddock siblings have each grown up and taken on various jobs within law enforcement and criminal justice.

 

Youngest child, Callie, has pushed past her insecurities to pursue a career as a Pinkerton agent. Middle child, Andi, has spent years studying law under her adoptive father’s tutelage. And the eldest and only son, Rion, is a rough-and-tumble bounty hunter. 

 

When the hunt for a serial killer with a long history of murders reunites the brother and sisters in Cambria Springs, Colorado, they find themselves not only in a fight for justice, but also a fight to keep their newly reunited family intact. How will they navigate these challenges when further complicated by unexpected romances?

Monday, June 2, 2025

Famous Musical Instruments: The Lyres of Ur

Author Amber Lemus
Blogger: Amber Lemus

Continuing with our series of famous musical instruments in history, today we travel to ancient Mesopotamia, or modern-day Iraq. 

In 1929, a team of archeologists from the British Museum and the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology teamed up to excavate the site of the Royal Cemetery at the site of ancient Ur. Under the leadership of head archaeologist Leonard Woolley, they made some astounding discoveries, which included the remains of ten women, and among them, fragments of four lyres. Well, technically three lyres and one harp. (In case we have any harp aficionados reading here.)

Leonard Woolley holding the hardened plaster mold
of the Queen's Lyre during excavations in 1922
Public Domain
The archeologists carefully excavated the fragments and then reconstructed and restored them to their former glory. Historians have dated the instruments to the Early Dynastic III Period of Mesopotamia, which makes them over 4,500 years old and the world's oldest surviving stringed instruments. 

Records indicated that one of the woman's remains seemed to have been placed leaning against the lyre, with her hand where the strings would have been. The lyres were made of wood, which had long since deteriorated, however since they were decorated with non-perishable adornments, such as silver and gold, the archaeologists were able to poor plaster into the mold where the wood had previously been and recreate the form.  

The four harps were similar, but distinct. 

The Golden Lyre

The Golden Lyre of Ur
Photo By Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,


This is the finest of the lyres discovered. It's wooden form was reconstructed but then damaged during the Second Iraq War. A replica of it now belongs to the Iraq Museum in Bagdad and is part of a traveling ensemble. It is also known as the "Bull Harp" because it features a bull head made entirely out of gold. The eyes of the bull were made out of inlaid nacre, and the beard of the animal from lapis lazuli, which is a deep blue semi-precious stone. 

The Queen's Lyre

The Queen's Lyre
Photo By Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin
 FRCP(Glasg) - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,


The Queen's Lyre is similar in appearance to the Golden Lyre, however it is named such because it was excavated from the tomb of Queen Pu-abi. It is also designed to imitate the body of a bull and has a bull head. However, only the mask of the bull was made of gold and the eyes, hair and beard are all made of the lapis lazuli. There are some minor differences in the appearance of the two bull heads as well. The Queen's Lyre is held at the British Museum in London. 

The Bull-Headed Lyre

Bull Headed Lyre of Ur
Photo By Binxedits - Own work, CC BY-SA 4
.0


Again, we see a theme here. This lyre also features a bull head. It's head, face and horns were all wrapped in gold foil, while its beard, hair and eyes were made of lapis lazuli. What is most interesting about this one, is that below the bull's head is a panel that depicts four scenes of what appears to be their religious lore. To me, it is very reminiscent of Egyptian Mythology. This lyre is housed in Philidelphia Pennsylvania at the Penn Museum. 

The Silver Lyre

The Silver Lyre of Ur
Photo By Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin
FRCP(Glasg) - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0


This one is different, because it is overlaid with silver rather than gold. However it still features the bull head as the others do. It was made of wood but covered in sheets of silver that were fastened with silver nails. The eyes were made of lapis lazuli also. Another notable difference is that this bull does not have a beard, and because of this, some speculate that it is actually a cow rather than a bull. This harp was found in the section of the cemetery that was known as the "Great Death Pitt." It is held by the British Museum in London. 

Depiction of a Lyre Player from the excavations of Ur
Photo Courtesy of the British Museum Collection,
CC BY-SA 4.0


Besides the fact that these are the oldest surviving stringed instruments in history, I also found these interesting because they come from the ancient city of Ur. As Christians, we will recognize that city from the Bible when God called Abraham out of the city of Ur and beckoned him to leave his family and all that he knew to pursue a personal relationship with God. 

Which lyre is your favorite? 

*****

Two-time winner of the Christian Indie Award for historical fiction, Amber Lemus inspires hearts through enthralling tales She has a passion for travel, history, books and her Savior. This combination results in what her readers call "historical fiction at its finest".  

She lives near the Ozarks in her "casita" with her prince charming. Between enjoying life as a boy mom, and spinning stories out of soap bubbles, Amber loves to connect with readers and hang out on Goodreads with other bookish peoples.

Amber is a proud member of the American Christian Fiction Writers Association. Visit her online at http://www.amberlemus.com/  and download a FREE story by subscribing to her Newsletter!


Monday, September 2, 2024

Uncovering Ancient Capernaum

Blogger: Amber Lemus



Tucked away on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee lies the ancient town of Capernaum, a site steeped in history and Biblical significance. This humble fishing village was once a hub of activity, hosting some of the most pivotal moments in Jesus' ministry. Today, archaeology has breathed new life into Capernaum's ruins, offering a fascinating glimpse into the past.

Capernaum was first discovered in the 19th century by American explorer Edward Robinson in 1838. Later, French archaeologist Charles William Wilson identified the site as the town of Capernaum around 1866.
Edward Robinson
Public Domain



Initial excavations were conducted between 1894-1926 by the Franciscans, led by Father Girolamo Golzio and Father Gaetano Orfali. They uncovered the remains of a 1st-century synagogue and a 5th-century church.

In the 1960's, major excavations began with Israeli archaeologist Vassilios Tzaferis leading a comprehensive excavation project on the eastern portion of the site, and a team led by Virgilio Corbo and Stanislao Loffreda resumed the excavations of the Franciscans on the western side.

The most prominent discovery unearthed was the remnants of a 1st-century synagogue, its stone foundations and columns still standing. This magnificent structure is believed to be the very synagogue where Jesus taught and healed (Mark 1:21-28, Luke 4:31-36).

Synagogue in Capernaum
Photo By Eddie Gerald - CC BY-SA 3.0


Also on the western side, they discovered the remains of ancient homes, including the "House of Peter," traditionally identified as the dwelling of Jesus' disciple Simon Peter (Matthew 8:14-15). The excavations revealed a complex of rooms, with a central courtyard and a remarkable preservation of 1st-century domestic life.


One of the most striking discoveries is the ancient road that winds its way through Capernaum. This very road would have been trodden by Jesus and his disciples as they traveled through the region. The road's worn stones testify to the countless feet that once walked upon them.


The archaeology of Capernaum has also shed light on the town's economy and daily life. Fishing was a primary industry, with numerous boat anchors and fishing weights found among the ruins. The town's strategic location on the Sea of Galilee made it an important center for trade and commerce.



Olive Press in Capernaum
By David Shankbone - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0

Today, ongoing excavations have focused on the eastern part of the site, revealing more of the ancient village and its harbor.


As we explore the ruins of Capernaum, we are reminded of the enduring power of faith and the significance of this ancient town in Jesus' ministry. The stones and artifacts unearthed here serve as a tangible connection to the past, inviting us to walk in the footsteps of Jesus and his disciples.


In Capernaum's ancient streets, we find a captivating blend of history, archaeology, and spirituality – a testament to the enduring legacy of Jesus' teachings and the town that played host to some of his most remarkable moments.


You can visit the streets of ancient Capernaum in my Biblical series, Days of Messiah.


*****

Two-time winner of the Christian Indie Award for historical fiction, Amber Lemus inspires hearts through enthralling tales She has a passion for travel, history, books and her Savior. This combination results in what her readers call "historical fiction at its finest".

She lives near the Ozarks in her "casita" with her prince charming. Between enjoying life as a boy mom, and spinning stories out of soap bubbles, Amber loves to connect with readers and hang out on Goodreads with other bookish peoples.

Amber is a proud member of the American Christian Fiction Writers Association. Visit her online at http://www.amberlemus.com/ and download a FREE story by subscribing to her Newsletter!


Thursday, May 4, 2023

Can We Know For Certain Where Jesus's Apostles Peter and Paul Were Incarcerated Before Execution?

By Donna Wichelman

The average tourist visiting Rome may not know, heading north from the Forum to the Pantheon, that they have just walked past one of this century’s most fascinating archaeological finds. My husband and I would have missed it if it hadn’t been for good friends who’d visited Rome the year before we did.

The ancient site is the Mamertine Prison, known in Italian as the Carcere Mamertino or the Tullianum in antiquity. Located near the Forum, the Colosseum, and Palatine Hill, the site has yielded some of the most astounding information about the antiquity of Rome.

The Renaissance Church of San Giuseppe dei Falegnami was constructed in the sixteen century atop the prison—one reason the Tullianum below is so easy to miss. Evidence suggests two of Jesus’s apostles, Peter and Paul, were incarcerated there before execution.

Mamertine Prison, Rome, Italy

Photo 272678690 / Mamertine Prison © Robert309 | Dreamstime.com  

The city of Rome was established in 753 B.C., but the archaeological findings around the Mamertine Prison suggest the structure, about the 17th – 14th century B.C., is older than the city of Rome itself. Its stones became part of a wall on the northeastern slope of the Capitoline Hill, the most important of seven hills on which Rome was founded since it was the religious and political center and the site of most of Rome’s temples.

Sometime later, the inhabitants constructed a round building with walls over three meters (9 feet) thick and dug deep into the earth to create an artificial spring that appears to have been a cultic center of worship. Evidence of human remains, animal sacrifice, and fruits and grains offered to a deity exist.

The Forum with the Mamertine Prison Left and Central: iStock Photos

The Mamertine Prison or Carcere Tullianum has long been considered the oldest prison in Rome, constructed by Ancus Marcius between 640-616 BC. It consisted of a dungeon divided into two dank cells on top of one another. Archaeologist Patrizia Fortini, who led the archaeological dig, said in an article published by Haaretz on April 8, 2016, “The lowest [cell] encased the spring and was accessible only through a tight opening, still visible today, used to lower prisoners into what must have seemed like a dark and foul-smelling antechamber to Hell.”

Mamertine Prison Cell Showing the Tight Opening: Donna's Gallery 2014

I must admit that walking down into the dank enclosure made me feel claustrophobic, and I wondered how anyone could have survived there for any length of time. It would have seemed better to die than live like a caged rat in a hellhole. I imagine most prisoners felt the same.

According to academic researcher and teacher of ancient and medieval history, Matthew A. McIntosh, “Incarceration in…the Tullianum was intended to be…temporary…. Located near the law courts, the Tullianum was used as a jail or holding cell for short periods before executions….” (See link here.) Those unfortunate enough to be imprisoned there knew it was their last stop before execution. Some more highly-visible offenders, such as the Jewish Revoltist Simon Bar Giora, were paraded publicly before being led to the slaughter.

Most historians believe the prison’s position overlooking the Forum symbolized the Republic’s power and the Emperor’s right to impose the law in the most formidable fashion. Indeed, prisoners received the most heinous punishments during their internment. Physical abuse, verbal terrorizing, and starvation were common. Such treatment is reminiscent of how the Roman soldiers taunted and abused Jesus in the hours leading to his crucifixion.

Another View of the Prison Cell: Compliments of Dreamstime

We can be reasonably certain that Jesus’s Apostles, Peter and Paul, were incarcerated at the Tullianum. For one thing, The Carcere Tullianum held those deemed the vilest offenders against the Roman empire. Nero, arguably the most treacherous of the twelve Roman emperors, terrorized Christians because they would not bow to his claim of absolute power. Only God deserved such worship, their faith said. Nero would have treated them as enemies of the state and a threat to the empire. With its position near the law courts, the Tullianum would have been the most likely place Nero would have kept Peter and Paul until their execution.

Moreover, the site of the Mammertine Prison has been a focal point of Christian worship since the early centuries of Christianity. Patrizia Fortini and her team found frescoes and other evidence that associated the site with the veneration of Peter and Paul from the 7th century. It’s plausible that such a tradition has a basis in reality.

The prison hosted numerous historical figures considered enemies of Rome or a threat to the Roman way of life. Some more highly-visible offenders include:

  • Gaius Pontius, a Samnite commander during the Second Samnite War, defeated the Roman legions at the Battle of the Caudine Forks in 321 BC but was eventually captured and executed by Fabius Rullianus. 
  • Eumenes III of Pergamum, aka Aristonicus, rebelled against Rome in 132 BC and was defeated in 130 BC.
  • Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls during the Gallic War, was executed at Caesar’s Triumph in 46 BC.
  • St. Peter performed baptisms in the spring at the bottom of the pit before being crucified.
  • Simon bar Giora, a Jewish Revoltist, was captured in Judea and brought to Rome to be paraded publicly before being led to the slaughter in 70 AD.

Donna worked as a communications professional before turning to full-time writing. Her short stories, essays, and articles have appeared in various inspirational publications, and she has two indie-published novels published on Amazon.com--Light Out of Darkness and Undaunted Valor, Books One and Two of The Waldnesian Series. 

Weaving history and faith into stories of intrigue and redemption grew out of her love of history and English literature as a young adult while attending the United World College of the Atlantic—an international college in Wales, U.K. She loves to explore peoples and cultures of the world and enjoys developing plots that show how God’s love abounds even in the profoundly difficult circumstances of our lives. Her stories reflect the hunger in all of us for love, forgiveness, and redemption in a world that often withholds second chances.

Thursday, October 27, 2022

Chariots of Fire

Dana McNeely

In modern times, chariots evoke a poetic romanticism found in media, art, and literature. For example, the title of the film "Chariots of Fire" was inspired by a line written by English poet William Blake, “Bring me my Chariot of Fire!” The poem, in turn, was inspired by the following Bible passage, which also inspired my soon-to-be-published novel, Whirlwind.

As they were walking along and talking together, suddenly a chariot of fire and horses of fire appeared and separated the two of them, and Elijah went up in a whirlwind. Elisha saw this and cried out, “My father! My father! The chariots and horsemen of Israel!” And Elisha saw him no more. Then he took hold of his garment and tore it in two. ~ 2 Kings 2:11-12 New International Version

 

Giuseppi Angeli, Elijah Taken Up in a Chariot of Fire,
courtesy WikiMedia Commons

Going back in biblical history to the first mentions of chariots, the ancients probably did not associate chariots with romantic notions, but with transportation, hunting, or a nation’s strength in battle. It is to that notion of the nation's strength that Elisha compares his mentor when he calls Elijah "the chariots and horsemen of Israel."


The Earliest Chariots 

Image courtesy Wiki Commons.

The first biblical reference to a chariot referred to Joseph riding in Pharaoh's chariot in Egypt. It may have looked like the image above.
"Then Pharaoh took his signet ring from his finger and put it on Joseph’s finger. He dressed him in robes of fine linen and put a gold chain around his neck. 43 He had him ride in a chariot as his second-in-command, and people shouted before him, 'Make way!' Thus he put him in charge of the whole land of Egypt." ~ Genesis 41:42-43

Six specimens were discovered in the tomb of Tutankhamun. It seems chariots were first used for transportation and hunting, but when improvements increased their speed, mobility, and strength, they were used in warfare. They may have spread to other countries by commerce or when taken as spoils of war. 


The Armored Tanks of Ancient Times


As the Israelites moved into the Promised Land, they quickly learned that the resident's chariots lent them a marked advantage - on level ground. So when Joshua, Israel's commander, learned a coalition of Canaanites was converging on the strategic location of Merom, he watched as they camped in a narrow, presumably hidden, gorge among the hills behind the lake. 

Then Joshua sent his foot soldiers on a stealth attack down the slopes. Before the Canaanites could muster and deploy their chariots, Israel won the victory - and the chariots. But because the Israelites could not use chariots, Joshua destroyed them.

The Israelites were not quick to add chariots to their arsenal.


For twenty years during the time of the Judges, Sisera, a commander of the Canaanite army, tormented the Israelites with nine hundred iron chariots fitted with iron. The Israelites called out to God for help, which He sent in the form of a heavy out-of-season rainstorm and two women: Deborah, a prophetess and Jael, a Kenite.

Image via Wiki Commons
Jael-Sisera circa 1550
When the rainstorm's mud buried wheels in muck, Deborah sent Barak, leader of the Israelite army, in pursuit of the mired-down chariots. 


Meanwhile, Sisera knew his king, Jabin, had a trading relationship with the Kenites, but both appeared unaware of the Kenites' intermarriage with Israelites. Exhausted from his slog through the mud fleeing Israel’s army, Sisera accepted Jael, the Kenite's, offer of rest in her tent. After a drink of warm buttermilk, the enemy commander fell asleep. His nap lasted longer than expected when Jael drove a tent peg through his head. 


An article in Biblical Archaeology discusses an interesting find linking a bronze chariot linchpin to a location believed to be Haroshet Hagoyim – the Canaanite base of Sisera, as mentioned in the fourth and fifth chapters of the Book of Judges.

Under King David during the united monarchy, chariots were used, but the Lord instructed Israel not to "build up multitudes of horses and chariots," but rather to look to God for their strength. 

When the Kingdom of Israel split in two, the northern kings were in rebellion and did not feel compelled to follow the same rules as the southern kingdom. The North, referred to as "Israel" or their capital city "Samaria", often worshipped Canaanite gods and did not recognize the Temple in Jerusalem as the sanctioned place of worship. They added horses and chariots to their armies whenever they could.

Fast forward to a battle circa 853 BC. Although the Battle of Qarqar is not mentioned in the Bible, it is interesting because of a controversial archeological find, the stone Kurkh Monoliths. The stone tablets list eleven kings that fought against Assyrian King Shalmaneser III, among them Ahab of Israel.

At question are the numbers listed on the artifact of forces sent by Ahab - 2,000 chariots and 10,000 soldiers. Scholars doubt whether Ahab's army could have rivaled that of Aram Damascus, and posit that the number 2,000 is a scribal error and should have been 200.

At odds with this argument, is the Bible's account in 1 Kings 20, of Aram's siege against Samaria, which occurred a few years before the Battle of Qarqar. Aram had the upper hand, but an anonymous prophet brought word to King Ahab that the Lord intended to give the battle to Israel so that he would know the Lord was God over Israel.

The prophet laid out the plan, whereby young officers would lead the charge, quickly followed by King Ahab leading soldiers, tradesmen, and other residents of Samaria. Ben-Hadad, leader of the opposition and confident of his upper hand, was getting drunk in his tent with 32 kings of countries who had joined with him against Israel. A messenger told Ben-Hadad that young men were coming down from the city and he ordered that they be brought to him alive.

Ben-Hadad's order could not be carried out because each Israelite soldier killed his opponent, and the rag-tag army led by Ahab surprised the drunks in Ben-Hadad's tent. With no time to harness his chariot horses, the enemy king jumped on a horse and fled with what kings could commandeer a horse, leaving their armies in confusion. The surprise attack gave Israel the battle - and all the chariots of the 32 armies which fled.

Because King Ahab and his Phoenician Queen Jezebel primarily followed her gods rather than Yahweh, Ahab felt no compunction, as did King David before the kingdom was divided, about gathering horses and chariots. Ahab had many stables, as well as chariot cities, in which to house the chariots and horses that were the spoils of this battle.

These are plausible answers to the numbers questioned on Shalmaneser's Kurkh Stela.

I find it fascinating to weave together the Bible's account and what I learn from ancient history, Talmudic accounts, and archeological finds in my writing. My two novels, Rain (available now), and Whirlwind (launching December 6, 2022), cover the time the prophet Elijah spoke God's word to the northern kingdom of Israel. Two more books will follow covering the life and times of Elijah's successor, the prophet Elisha.

For further reading: Biblical Archaeology
Battles of the Bible by Chaim Herzog and Mordechai Gichon

RAIN ~ Whispers on the Wind Book 1

Aban yearns to join the priesthood of Ba'al, unlock the power of the rain god, and 
hear the deity's voice. But first, he must survive a perilous initiation ceremony.

When the mysterious prophet Elijah interrupts the rites, overturns the idol, and curses the land with drought, Aban must choose a side in Yahweh's war against the Ba'als - and it may cost him his life.


WHIRLWIND ~ Whispers on the Wind Book 2

A king's downfall and a love that transcends war. Coming December 6, 2022.



Dana McNeely dreamed of living in a world teeming with adventure, danger, and romance, but she had a problem - she also needed a lot of peace and quiet. She learned to visit that dream world by stepping into a book.


Inspired by the Bible stories of Elijah, Dana wondered about the widow of Zarephath and her son. Who were they? What was their life like before? How did the boy change after he died, saw the other world—and came back?


Those questions led to Dana writing RAIN, where she built her dream world of adventure, danger, and romance. Peace and quiet, however, have remained elusive.


No stranger to drought, Dana lives in an Arizona oasis with her hubby the constant gardener, two good dogs, an antisocial cat, and migrating butterflies.


Learn more about Dana and her books at her website: DanaMcNeely.com
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